国际城市规划

尽管"卧城"存在许多"先天不足",世界各地仍规划和建设了很多"卧城"性质的新城。在20世纪60—70年代,日本处于经济高速发展和快速城市化时期,也在大城市圈郊区建设了一批"卧城"性质的新城。本文以日本多摩新城为例,基于城市政体的视角,分析了新城规划和建设过程中各个参与主体的角色及关系,回答了为什么会规划和建设"卧城"的问题,并总结了日本"卧城"建设的机制。研究表明,建设"卧城"是日本中央政府的意志,其直接目的是解决大城市圈中心区就业人口的居住问题,但根本目的是支持大城市圈中心区经济的持续快速增长,进而保证国家经济的持续快速增长。然而,"卧城"的长远可持续发展和居民的生活质量被放在了次要的位置。最后,通过与我国"卧城"开发模式的对比,总结了对我国的启示。

Despite the "congenital deficiencies" of "commuter towns", many commuter towns were planned and built around the world.,0In 1960s-70 s, when Japan was in the period of rapid economic growth and urbanization, many commuter towns were constructed in the suburb of metropolitan areas. From the perspective of urban regime, this research adopts a case study of Tama New Town in Tokyo to explore the reasons and mechanisms of the construction of commuter towns. We focus on the role of stakeholders involved in the process and their interactions with each other. The research shows that, it is the national government that intended to build commuter towns. The direct purpose is to solve the problem of housing shortage in the center of metropolitan areas, but the fundamental purpose is to sustain the rapid growth of employment and economy in the center of metropolitan areas so as to ensure the rapid growth of national economy. However, the long-term local sustainability and the residents' living quality were neglected. Furthermore, with comparison to commuter towns in Chinese cities, the research points out the enlightenments to China.