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城市更新是以居民美好生活需求为导向的动态过程，其目的是提升城市公共空间利用效率，激活城市存量空间活力。然而，面对城市更新中微观、复杂的空间问题，急需及时、翔实、准确的基础数据与高效的深入调研方法。在此背景下，本文对现有城市更新工作的具体内容与前沿方法做了综述，吸纳了国际上广泛应用的移动感知实践，针对城市公共空间品质评估方面的问题提出了基于移动感知技术的公共空间品质评估方法，实现了高效率、低成本、大范围的基础数据采集与智能化的评估。该方法被成功应用于西宁市的城市更新专项规划，获得了大量的一手数据，积累了工程经验并形成工作手册。上述实践证实了该方法的可行性，同时也为其继续推进打下了扎实的基础。
Abstract：Urban renewal is a dynamic process that aims to improve the quality of life for residents and increase the utilization of urban public space. However, in the face of microscopic and complex renewal needs in urban renewal, there is a urgent need of timely,detailed and accurate basic data and efficient in-depth research methods. In this context,this paper summarizes the specific content and cutting-edge methods of existing urban renewal work, and proposes a mobile sensing technology-based method for evaluating spatial quality. This method achieves efficient, low-cost, large-scale foundational data collection and intelligent assessment of urban public space. We employ this method in the context of urban renewal planning in Xining city. It acquires a substantial volume of firsthand data and accrues valuable engineering experience, culminating in the creation of a comprehensive work manual. The above practice proves the feasibility of the method and lays a solid foundation for its application in urban planning.
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(1)各城市出台的城市更新相关政策与技术导则，在具体流程与具体概念上并不统一。其中的“专项规划”也被称为片区策划、更新行动计划、更新实施方案等；具体流程中，也存在总体策划、片区策划、项目实施方案三层次流程，或将上述环节的多个步骤概括为方案编制流程。
(1)针对全国264个地级市约77万条街道的研究表明，264个地级市的平均的空间失序（physical disorder）得分为0.21[6]。本次研究所采用的15种分析指标同上述研究完全相同，获得的西宁市平均空间失序值为0.23，略高于全国平均值。上述提到的空间失序是指街道上存在的特定视觉物品，对个人对空间的舒适和安全感产生负面影响的现象，即空间品质较差、空间秩序混乱的现象。空间失序得分越高表明空间质量越差，因此上述结果表明西宁市的中心城区空间品质略低于全国平均水平。
(1)理想状态下，城市气温应当满足“在植有草皮的观测场中离地面1.5 m高的百叶箱中”进行测量，城市噪声测量应当满足“距离任何反射物（地面除外）至少3.5 m外，距地面高度1.2 m以上”的条件下测量。但受限于移动感知的客观条件与移动感知载体的高度限制，本研究采集的数据是指“运用城市环境监测设备，在距地面约1.1 m左右的车窗中”所测得的结果，同采集标准存在差异。
基本信息:
DOI：10.19830/j.upi.2023.558
中图分类号:TU984.114
引用信息:
[1]王新宇,李彦,李伟健,等.城市更新视角下的公共空间品质评估方法——基于移动感知技术的探索[J].国际城市规划,2024,39(01):21-29.DOI:10.19830/j.upi.2023.558.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金重大项目课题（62394331/62394335）;国家自然科学基金面上项目（52178044/51778319）
2023-10-09
2023
2024-02-26
2024-03-20
2024
1
2023-12-21
2023-12-21
2023-12-21