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康泽恩城市形态学和卡尼吉亚建筑类型学都是西方认知城市形态构成与演进的重要理论。以德国形态生成研究传统为基础的形态学研究方法带有浓厚的历史性特征,而以意大利设计类型学为基础的类型学研究则深刻揭示了各种建成空间之间的类型关系。两者能通过融合各自的优势,形成应用性更高的形态类型学。本文总结近几十年西方学者对形态类型学理论及应用的探讨,形成了该理论的研究框架,并且探明该理论的本土化过程中,我国的理论优势、案例研究时面对的挑战以及在城市规划中的一些应用层面。
Abstract：Conzenian approach and Caniggian approach are important western methodologies for appreciating the structure and transformation of urban form. Historical thinking is an important framework for Conzenian approach based on the Germany morphorogenetic research tradition. Highlight the relation between every type of built spaces is main component for Caniggian approach developed from Italian design typology. Typo-morphological approach combined the advantages of the two approaches shows higher potential both in understanding and managing the urban form. After a review of the development of the typo-morphology approach from western academic, the research framework is formed. Based on those discussions, attention will be placed on advantages in theory base, challenges in case studies and issues in urban planning during the localization process.
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(1)康泽恩城市形态学与卡尼吉亚建筑类型学,已经由其追随者经过半个多世纪的努力,发展出更丰富的内涵与外延。本文的介绍都是针对其理论创建者的基础思维。对形态类型学研究框架的探讨也是基于这两种思维的融合,目的是展示更核心的理论。
(1)中心区是一种致密的高强度开发的区域,主要是城镇商业、商务较为集中的区域;居住区是均质趋同的大片城市区域;而边缘带是低密度、低开发强度的,功能较为混合的区域,可以简单理解为公共和基础设施所在区域。
(2)穆勒托尼的类型学理论中,有几个基本认知:首先,建筑类型(architectural type)是一种以往经验的综合,或者是某种文化中特殊的自发意识,在时间和空间上都在不断变化;其次,房屋史是一系列的自发性构建现象;最后,建筑史是一系列的设计性构建现象。
(3)本处所述的形式是指房屋在一开始设计与建造时的形式。
(1)所统计的研究成果,以“Typo-morphology”为标题或者关键词,作者为UMRG成员,成果以英文编写,并且在国外杂志发表。
(1)全平面图是一种记录街廓内部所有建筑首层平面形式的地图。
(1)规划管理单元:城市区域经过细分后,进行城市规划管理的规模适度、界限明确的单元。在我国深圳市、广州市、台州市等城市已经推广并使用。
基本信息:
中图分类号:TU-0;TU981
引用信息:
[1]陈锦棠,姚圣,田银生.形态类型学理论以及本土化的探明[J].国际城市规划,2017,32(02):57-64.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(51678241);; 亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室自主创新课题(2017KB08)资助项目
2014-06-26
2014
2017-04-01
2017-04-18
2017
3
2015-04-29
2015-04-29
2015-04-29