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城市轨道交通在满足大多数人出行需求时常存在局部地区出行不便，新型出行服务与轨道交通网络的融合为提升出行便利性带来契机。本文在厘清新型出行服务属性的基础上，基于近十年中英文文献和国内外实践案例的梳理，总结了出行便利性视角下三类新型出行服务（共享微型交通工具、网约车、定制公交）与轨道交通网络的两类融合关系（接驳与补充）的趋势，并基于影响融合关系的城市空间要素，探讨了城市规划响应。研究发现，共享微型交通工具倾向于在市中心高密度轨道交通站点地区提供接驳服务，在市中心轨道交通网络绕行率较高地区提供补充服务；网约车和定制公交倾向于在市郊低密度轨道交通站点地区提供接驳服务，在市郊轨道交通网络空白地区提供补充服务。骑行基础设施、站点接驳环境、土地利用、常规公交供给、轨道交通供给、道路服务水平是影响新型出行服务接驳和补充轨道交通的重要因素。城市规划需要对此形成有效响应，包括形成轨道交通与新型出行服务融合友好的城市空间设计策略，以及建立促进融合出行的管理制度。
Abstract：While urban rail transit generally meets the travel needs of most people， some areas often experience travel inconveniences. The combination of new mobility services with rail transit networks presents an opportunity to enhance travel convenience. This paper， after identifying the characteristics of three types of new mobility services (shared micromobility， online ride hailing， and demand responsive transit)， summarizes the two types of their combination (feeder and supplementary) with urban rail transit networks from the perspective of travel convenience， based on systematic review of literatures and practical cases in the past decade. Furthermore， it summarizes the urban environment factors that influence the combination relationships， and proposes urban planning strategies. The study finds that shared micromobility tends to provide feeder services in city centers with high-density rail transit stations and supplementary services in central areas with high rail transit network indirectness. Online ride hailing and demand responsive transit tend to provide feeder services in suburban areas with low rail transit station densities and supplementary services in suburban areas within rail transit network gaps. Cycling infrastructure， station feeding environments， land use， bus supply， rail transit supply， and road service levels are important factors influencing the feeding and supplementary roles of new mobility services. Urban planning needs to prepare for this trend， including building new mobility friendly environment and set up policies to promote its combination with rail transit networks.
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详见：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List＿of＿metro＿systems。
参考国家标准《信息安全技术网络预约汽车服务数据安全要求》（GB/T42017-2022），将 “网约预约汽车”译为“online ride hailing”。
参考行业标准《城市定制公交服务规范》（JT/T 1355-2020），将 “定制公交”译为“demand responsive transit”。在北美等地区，定制公交由于体量比常规公交小，也被称为“微型公交”（micro transit）。
线网绕行率一般为轨道交通网络旅行距离（包括末端接驳距离）与地面道路最短旅行距离的比例。
部分英文文献正式发表于2025年但于2024年提前见刊，也纳入检索范围。
详见：https://www.metro.net/about/l-a-metro-expands-metro-bike-share-program-into-hollywood-with-12-additional-stations/。
详见：https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltagov/en/newsroom/2019/5/2/more-targeted-ways-to-travel-smart.html。
详见：https://www.itsmarta.com/marta-connect2.aspx。
详见：https://wwww.septa.org/news/septa-and-uber-announce-transit-partnership/。
详见：https://www.uber.com/en-DE/blog/uber-last-mile-phase-two/。
由于共享微型交通工具补充轨道交通、定制公交接驳和补充轨道交通的影响因素研究文献较少，本文不作展示。
基本信息:
DOI：10.19830/j.upi.2023.510
中图分类号:U239.5
引用信息:
[1]曹哲静.出行便利性视角下轨道交通与新型出行服务融合的新趋势与规划响应[J].国际城市规划().DOI:10.19830/j.upi.2023.510.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（52208081）; 上海市浦江人才项目（22PJC105）
2025-06-10
2025-06-10
2025-06-10