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明尼苏达州双城地区是美国中西部最大的都市区之一,购物中心的发展在这里有比较特殊的历史。本文介绍双城地区购物中心的发展历史与现状(包括购物中心的种类、分布和发展挑战),并探讨了购物中心的规划。购物中心的规划与城市管治的模式关系密切。和美国很多其他都市区一样,双城地区的城市管治有着显著的分散化、分权化和自由化的特征。同时,都市区内各个城市之间彼此独立但又相互合作,有专门的组织(譬如大都市理事会)负责规划、协调都市区的整体发展。在研究购物中心的规划时,文章首先介绍购物中心的规划过程、规划的主要参与者及资金来源;然后分析了公众参与、城市发展规划(特别是土地利用规划和交通规划)和区域经济政策(特别是《财政分税法案》)对购物中心发展的影响。毫无疑问,购物中心对城市的发展也有重要影响。最后,文章还简要讨论了双城地区购物中心的发展对城市人口分布以及城市交通发展的影响。
Abstract：This paper examines the development and planning of shopping centers in the Twin Cities(Minneapolist-St.Paul Metropolitan Area), one of the largest metropolitan areas in the midwest of the United States. It reviews the history of shopping centers in the Twin Cities, introduces current development(including types and distribution), and discuss future challenges. The planning of shopping centers is closely related to urban governance. Like many other large metropolitan areas in the country, the Twin Cities has a fragmented and decentralized urban governance structure. Cities and communities within the metropolitan area are both independent and cooperative. Some organizations including the Metropolitan Council are in charge of planning and coordinating the development of the entire metro area. When discussing shopping center planning, the paper first introduces planning processes, major planning players and sources of investments; it then analyzes the influences of public participation, urban planning(especially urban land use planning and transportation planning) and regional economic policies on shopping center development. Finally, the impacts of shopping center development on urban population distribution and urban transportation are also discussed.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:TU984.13
引用信息:
[1]王恩儒.美国双城地区购物中心的发展与规划[J].国际城市规划,2014,29(03):27-34.
2014-06-19
2014-06-19