国际城市规划

本文聚焦全球2030可持续发展目标和“新城市议程”中通过“增强城乡联系促进可持续城镇化”的目标以及全球实践问题。联合国人居署《城乡联系指导原则》为行动提供了规范框架和实用指导，并注重采取新的规划方法创造城市和农村居民在经济、社会和环境方面的需求和机会，以实现更包容、平等城乡可持续发展新格局。案例所在的各国城乡地区以“实现城乡均衡发展”为城乡治理的共同愿景，进而制定促进包容性发展的城乡一体化综合规划，但不同案例地区对于城乡联系的治理策略以及侧重存在差异性：欧洲地区城乡联系案例的治理体制相对系统化，且将乡村振兴视为常规性指标；亚太地区、拉丁美洲和加勒比地区案例正逐渐加强农村和城市地区之间经济、社会、文化和环境之间的相互作用，但促进城乡要素流动机制仍待进一步健全；非洲地区案例主要通过强化基础设施建设加强城乡联系。总体而言，各国实践都致力于采取具包容性、参与性的治理办法，构建多元参与的治理方式构建城乡平衡的协作关系。研究全球案例如何通过规划治理促进城乡人口、产品、服务和信息等要素的城乡双向互馈，对我国构建城乡融合的新发展格局具有重要意义。

This paper focuses on the goal of “enhancing urban-rural linkages to promote sustainable urbanization” as set out in the global 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the New Urban Agenda， as well as the associated global practices. UN-Habitat’s Urban-Rural Linkages: Guiding Principles provides a normative framework and practical guidance for action， emphasizing new planning methods to create economic， social， and environmental opportunities that meet the needs of both urban and rural residents， thereby achieving a more inclusive and equitable new pattern of sustainable urban-rural development. In the case countries， the common vision for urban and rural areas is to “achieve balanced urban-rural development”， leading to the formulation of integrated comprehensive plans that promote inclusive development. However， the strategies and emphases on urban-rural linkages vary across regions: European cases feature relatively systematic governance systems and treat rural revitalization as a routine indicator; cases in the Asia-Pacific， Latin America， and the Caribbean regions are gradually strengthening economic， social， cultural， and environmental interactions between rural and urban areas， yet mechanisms to facilitate factor flows remain to be further improved; African cases primarily enhance urban-rural linkages through infrastructure development. Overall， practices in different countries are committed to adopting inclusive and participatory governance approaches， building multi-stakeholder engagement to establish balanced urban-rural collaborative relationships. Studying how global cases promote two-way flows of population， products， services， and information between urban and rural areas through planning governance is of great significance for China to build a new development paradigm of urban-rural integration.