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近年来,随着人口老龄化和城市化的进程,建设老年友好性城市和社区正在得到愈发广泛的关注。本文描述了建设老年友好城市所面临的主要问题和挑战,介绍了近年来国际范围内的老年友好城市建设现状,包括西方主要国家的老年友好城市行动原则、要素和着眼点,并通过实例分析,讨论了建设老年友好城市和社区的关键问题和挑战,对中国未来的老年友好城市和社区建设提出建议。
Abstract：Efforts to make cities and communities more age-friendly have gained significant momentum in recent years. Population aging and increased urbanization have challenged governments and other civic organizations to consider how best to develop a community that is accessible for all of its residents. This article provides a general overview to current age-friendly cities elements, features, and initiatives that have influenced the age-friendly movement. It briefly discusses the opportunities and challenges in cities and communities, which their stakeholders might encounter in their agefriendly efforts. Successful examples are addressed to demonstrate the age-friendly initiative in western country. It also makes summarize for urban policies, and suggestions for the future age-friendly city and community planning and construction in China.
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1“积极老龄化”在2002年被世界卫生组织(下文简称WHO)定义为:在个人健康、社会参与和公众安全等方面进行积极努力,从而提高老年生活质量的过程。2013年,WHO修订了其定义,除“个人”外又加入了“老年群体”的概念。
1人口转变模型:人口转变理论为美国人口学家汤姆逊(Thomson)于1929年首先提出,法国人口学家兰德里(A.Landry)加以补充,后又为美国人口学家诺特斯坦(F.W.Notestein)全面发展为一套人口理论。其主要理论为:随着国家从前工业时期向后工业时期发展,其人口从高出生率、高死亡率向低出生率和低死亡率转变。
1“在地老化”是指通过提供满足老年人要求的住房及充足的社会照护设施,以帮助老年人维持其独立性,降低失能程度,从而为老年人在社区内独立生活创造和优化条件。
基本信息:
中图分类号:TU984
引用信息:
[1]窦晓璐,约翰·派努斯,冯长春.城市与积极老龄化:老年友好城市建设的国际经验[J].国际城市规划,2015,30(03):117-123.
基金信息:
国家留学基金和国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目联合资助(41301136)
2014-05-23
2014
2015-05-25
2015-06-18
2015
2
2015-06-19
2015-06-19