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伴随我国城市改造的重点从旧城更新转向老旧小区改造，诸多问题不断凸显。过去30年中，新加坡及时应对社会经济发展和社区需求的转变，通过大量的改造项目持续推动公共住宅区的更新。一方面通过形式多样、差异化的环境营造提升了老旧住宅区的空间品质，培育了居民的自豪感和归属感；另一方面维系了原有紧密的社会邻里和家庭代际联系，以避免贫民窟、绅士化等社会问题的出现。本文通过对新加坡公共住宅区相关更新政策、具体改造策略和实践活动进行梳理，总结出新加坡公共住宅区更新改造的四个特点：与时俱进的改造策略应对多样化生活需求，采取政府主导、多方参与、民主决策的更新机制，持续性的科学研究与技术支持推进更新实践，以及注重全面可持续的社区发展。笔者期望新加坡的更新经验能为我国当前老旧小区改造的工作提供借鉴与启示。
Abstract：As the focus of urban renovation in China shifts from old city to old residential area,many problems continue to emerge. Over past three decades, responding to the changes in socio-economic development and community needs in time, Singapore has been continuing to promote the renovation of public residential areas through a number of upgrading programmes.Such upgrading programmes have improved the space quality of public housing and helped to cultivate a sense of belonging through the creation of diverse and differentiated environments.Additionally, the original and close relationships of social neighbours and intergenerational family members have been maintained, avoiding the appearance of social problems such as slums and gentrification. Based on the study of renovation policies, strategies and practices of Singapore's public housing, this paper concludes four major features of Singapore's public housing upgrading programmes: transformative strategies responding to the diverse daily demands, a governmentled, multi-participation, democratic decision-making renovation mechanism, the promoting of renovation practices with continuous scientific research and technical support, and the focusing on comprehensive and sustainable community development. It is expected that Singapore's upgrading experiences can enlighten current China's old residential area renovation.
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(1)根据HDB的规定，新加坡公民家庭拥有投票权，新加坡永久居民家庭无投票权。当一个楼栋中所有新加坡公民家庭至少有75%投票赞成时，翻新计划才可以执行。
(1)根据HDB的规定，2004年前入选“主要翻新计划”的楼栋不限户型，均可选择面积增加方案；2004年后只有三房式的户型可以选择该方案。新加坡的三房式住宅相当于我国两室一厅的户型。
(1)新加坡组屋一般没有阳台，老式组屋翻新前，居民晾衣服需要先把衣服晾在竹竿上，然后再插进窗外建筑立面的管口中；不晾衣物时，居民需将管口盖上，防止雨天管口积水造成蚊虫滋生。
(2)根据HDB的规定，日常活动包括个人卫生、穿脱衣物、进食、可在床和椅子之间移动身躯、自主控制大小便、四处移动（相对于长期卧床而言），如60~64岁家庭成员其中任何一项或多项不能完成，便可申请“乐龄易计划”。
(1)根据《绿化指南》规定，绿色容积率的定义为“绿化景观中单面叶面积总和与地块面积的比率”。
(1)湿巴刹（wet market）主要售卖蔬果、豆腐、鸡鸭鱼肉等；对应的干巴刹（dry market）主要售卖米面、海带、虾米，以及衣服、鞋袜、香烛等杂货。
基本信息:
DOI：10.19830/j.upi.2020.282
中图分类号:TU984.12
引用信息:
[1]张威,刘佳燕,王才强.新加坡公共住宅区更新改造的政策体系、主要策略与经验启示[J].国际城市规划,2022,37(06):76-87.DOI:10.19830/j.upi.2020.282.
基金信息:
北京卓越青年科学家项目（JJWZYJH01201910003010）; 住房和城乡建设部软科学研究项目（2020-R-010）; 未来城市设计高精尖创新中心项目（UDC2020021112）; 清华大学全球共同发展研究院新加坡研究中心项目
2021-03-15
2021-03-15
2021-03-15