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在我国的新城规划中,避免将新城建设成为"卧城"似乎是一条公认的原则。然而纵观世界各地的新城实践,新城的职住平衡又似乎很难实现。建设"卧城"是否一定不可取?应如何看待新城规划中的职住平衡问题?本文在综述既有研究的基础上,从"卧城"长远发展的角度来探讨这些问题。以日本东京城市圈的多摩新城为例,采用文献分析法分析了新城的生命周期,并将重点放在1990年代初日本泡沫经济破灭后,在社会经济环境的急剧变化中新城的发展与转型上。研究表明,新城规划不应对"卧城"进行全盘否定,新城的职住平衡问题也不应只局限于新城内部及其周边地区,而应置于区域背景下考虑,并在未来的社会经济发展变化中与区域的规划一起调整,两者应保持紧密协调的关系。
Abstract：In China, new town planning usually avoids building new town into commuter town. However, new town constructions over the world show that it seems impossible to build a completely self-contained new town. Is commuter town certainly undesirable? How to deal with the jobs-housing balance in new town? Based on reviewing existing literature, this paper adopts a longterm perspective to examine the development of commuter town to explore these questions. This paper chooses Tama New Town in Japan as a case study. It particularly focuses on the development of Tama New Town after 1990 s, when the economic bubble burst and Japanese society was under a rapid socialeconomic transition. It concludes that, commuter town should not be denied completely; the job-housing balance of new town should be considered under a regional perspective rather than limited within the new town and its surrounding areas; new town planning should adopt a regional and dynamic perspective that the development of new town and the region should be considered together and be adjusted according to the changing social-economic situation.
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(1)东京城市圈由东京都、千叶县、神奈川县和琦玉县组成;大阪城市圈包括京都府、大阪府、兵库县和奈良县;名古屋城市圈包括爱知县、岐阜县和三重县。
(2)日本的“公团”、“公社”是由政府或地方公共团体成立的公法人,主要由政府出资,也向民间融资,大多经营如运输、道路、港湾、桥梁、机场等公共性较高的事业。
基本信息:
中图分类号:TU984.1
引用信息:
[1]张贝贝,刘云刚.“卧城”的困境、转型与出路:日本多摩新城的案例研究[J].国际城市规划,2017,32(01):130-137.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(41571130,41271165);; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金;; 中国西南地缘环境与边疆发展协同创新中心共同资助
2014-10-06
2014
2017-02-16
2017
4
2017-02-19
2017-02-19